Convergent Boundary: A plate boundary where two plates move towards each other.

Mid-Ocean Ridge: The undersea mountain range where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent boundary.

Seafloor Spreading: The process by which molten material adds new oceanic crust to the ocean floor.

Earthquake: The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface.

Stress: A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume.

          

 Heat Transfer Formula 

Heat transfer is all about the transfer of heat from one point to another. If we consider any system which will be at higher temperature compared to surroundings, there will be        transfer of heat from system to the surrounding

 

 Q= m x c x Δ T

Where m is the mass
           C is the specific heat and
           Δ T is the temperature difference in K

There are three types of Heat transfer 

conduction

convection

radiation

Heat transfer (Q) by Conduction formula is given by

Where k is the thermal conductivity of the material

           A is the cross sectional area

           T_Hot is the higher temperature

           T_Cold is the cooler temperature

           t is the time taken

           d is the thickness of the material

Heat transfer by Convection is given by
Where H_c is the heat transfer coefficient

The Heat transfer by radiation is given by
Here σ is the Stefan Boltzmann Constant

Heat transfer is usually expressed in Joules. Heat transfer formula is used in problems to find the heat transfer taking place for any given material

       .

An undersea volcano erupts off the coast of Tonga, tossing clouds of smoke, steam and ash thousands of feet (meters) into the sky above the South Pacific ocean, Tuesday, March 17, 2009. The eruption was at sea about 6 miles (10 kilometers) from the southwest coast of the main island of Tongatapu an area where up to 36 undersea volcanoes are clustered

                                                                                            how enargy transfer in a volcano

how heat energy is transferred

Heat Energy

Energy travel from one place to another in three ways: conduction convection radiation. both conduction and convection require matter to transfer heat. If there is a temperature difference between two systems heat will always find a way to transfer from the higher to lower system.

 

Conduction is transfer of heat between substances that are direct contact with each other.

energy transferring mantle and outer core of the earth such as volcano.

Thermal energy transfer from hot places to cold places by convection

Convection currents in oceans The Ocean can store much more heat than the land surfaces on the Earth. The majority of the thermal energy at the Earth’s surface is stored in the ocean.

Example boiling water in pot

Radiation is method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any conduct between the heat source and heated object

Example heat from the sun and heat from light bulb

 

 

 



 

 

 

 

Language

transfer

[verb trans-fur, trans-fer; noun, adjective trans-fer]

1350-1400; Middle English transferren (v.) < Latin trānsferre, equivalent totrāns- trans- + ferre to bear¹, carry

energy

[en-er-jee]

1575-85; < Late Latin energīa < Greek enérgeia activity, equivalent toenerge- (stem of energeîn to be active; see en-², work ) + -ia -y³

اِنتَقَلَ: ( فعل )

انتقلَ / انتقلَ إلى / انتقلَ في ينتقل ، انتقالاً ، فهو مُنتقِل ، والمفعول مُنتقَل إليه :- 

Sometimes we transfer our own guilt 
onto people that we love. 
Pushing them away 
instead of drawing them close, 
we punish them for their mistakes 
as well as our own. 
We knaw away their existence 
so they never know the truth. 
Hurting them the way we felt 
that we should have been. 

ابعد عن اللي ينقل القيل والقال
حتى لو انه من خيار الاصاحيب

واللاش لاتنصاه لا احتجت للمال
لو أن جوعك مثل حر المشاهيب

... هادي العجمي

congratulations

Well done Ahmed